Bushing



JulyZl, 1936. OLDBERG 2,048,079

. BUSHING Filed Feb. 8', 1935 INVENTOR. 05 car dldivy L A TTORNEYS.

Patented July 21 1936 'UETED STATE to provide a laminated type of bushing whereby the desiredsize reduction may readily be obtained.

Another object is to prov struction which may be fully tightened by "the use or a mini-mum external clamping force.

T It is also an object of the invention'to provide a liminated type of bushing construction wherein the laminations interlocktogethe'i upon the --application of an externally applied clamping j "pressure bot-h toprevent disassembly of the bushing andto minimize leakage. 1 A still further object of the invention is to provide abus'hing-"-'construction which may be employed lengthening orelongating a pipe line connection as 'wellas eifectin'g'the desired size reduction 'at suc'h connection. v v Other objects, features andadvahtages will be- 5 come apparent frromthe following description and appended claims. For-the purpose of ill l'r i vention, typical concrete embodiments are shown in *the accompanying drawingin which: Figure 1- is a fragmentary; side elevation; parts fbein'g broken away and 'in section, of a inuiiler and exhaust pipe -connection employinga bushstructi'on according to'the 'present-inven- Another" object iside a bushing 'contrating the genus of the nd 3 are side and end elevations; respect'ively, ofa bushing piece or lamination empreyeain the construction shown in- Fig: *1;

' '4 is a'perspective of the piece for lamination-shown in Figs-,2 and'3, 'but rolled to cylin- 'drical fo rini Figs. 5 and 6' are views similar to'Figs'. '2 and respectively, of a pieoeor lamination; Fig. is -acent 1 form of bushing .12 some BUS H1NG Oscar Oldberg, Detroit, Mich. Application February 8, 1935, Serial No. 5,511 10 claims. (01285-183) V This invention relates to bushings ,for use as a size reduction fitting in exhaust systems oi: internal combustion enginesor in o'ther linesfor handling fluids under pressures of moderate or 5 low magnitude.

In connecting together difierent parts of such exhaust systems or other fluid conveying lines, especially where replaceable parts are provided, such as mufflers and the like, the substituted parts often require size reduction fittings or bushings in order to eiiect the desired connection of such parts into the lines or conduits.

' It is an object of this invention-to 5 art of efEecting such connections. I

a A further object is to provide a bushing which is easy to install and which effectively prevents bushing construction employed in a connection similar to that shown in Fig. 1, except that the connection is lengthened or elongated.

Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown by way of example, an application of the invention em- 5 bodied in a connection between a mufller I0 and an exhaust pipe I l of the exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, or the like. In this arrangement, the mufller l0 includes a pipe or conduit i2, the internal diameter of which is 10 greater than the external diameter or the exhaust pipe I l. The connection between the pipes H and I2 includes a composite bushing l4 comprising a plurality of individual bushings assembled with the pipes in telescopic relation. 15 Where the difference between the internal diameter of the pipe l2 and the external diameter of the pipe H is slight, a single individual bushing piece or lamination l5 of proper thickness may be employed, however, where a substantial difference in size exists between these diameters, a suitable number of individual bushing pieces 15 are preferably employed. Three of the individual bushing elements I5 are illustrated in the arrangementof the composite bushing I4 depicted in Fig. '1. Except for size, the construction of each of the bushings I5 is the same. The composite bushing 14 may be tightly securedto the pipes H and 12 by splitting the pipe l2 as indica'ted at 13, and tightening a split clamp means lfl superposed upon the end of the pipe 12.

Reference'may also be had to Figs. 2 to 4, in-

"elusive, which illustrate, more in detail, the construction of the individual bushing elements 15.

in the fabrication of these bushing elements, a blank "1'6 of sheet material, preferably sheet metal, is cut to the form shown in Fig. 2, so as to provide a plurality of laterally connected but staggered strips I1. These strips within the same bushing element-l5 are of equal length and'are severedby cuts'ill and?! from one another-ex --cefit for uncut portions 23 of relatively short lengthsa's compared to the lengths ofthe strips.

As indicated in Fig. 2, the laterally interconnected stripsll are arranged in echelon and the opp0 0 site ends 2 1 and 25 thereof are parallel in each strip as well as parallel to the "corresponding and opposite-ends of the remaining strips. It is also noted that the 'ends' 24 and 25 of the strips are cutatjan angle of other than 90 degrees with respectto the lateral edges of the strips, the

, angle "being such that the ends 24 and '25 are generally inclined inwardly toward the adjacent uncut portions23 which serve to interconnect the Any number of strip elements I1 may be used in the formation of the individual bushing element l5 dependent upon the service to which they may be placed. The length of the strip elements ll of the individual bushing elements l5 of composite bushing l4 are such that in one bushing element l5 the length of the strip elements I! is greater than that of the strip elements of the bushing on which it issuperposed by an amount approximately equal to the product of th'e thickness of the sheet m'aterial employed and the ratio of circumference to diameter of a circle.

The blanks, cut as indicated in Fig. 2, are rolled to cylindrical form as indicated in broken lines in Figs. 2 and 3 and in full line as indicated in desired number of bushing elements I5 is employed to give the size reduction required'andthe" clamping means I8 is tightened so as to fix the [composite bushing to the pipe elements: to be connected. .As the elamp meansis tightened, the

bushings localize themselves to theconditions en- :countered so that the individual bushing elements 15 upon whichthe maximum elamping pressure is exertedpcontract to the greatest'extent Thus,

only, a minimum amount of radially inwardly directed force applied'externally to. the composite 7 .bushing will be'required to fully tighten the bushlingQso' as to permit substantially no leakage thereto V V V M "Since the ends 24 and 25 of the strip elements [are parallel, the bushings IS, in the form shown in Fig. "4}afford no continuous passages through the bushings and provide substantially close contactbetween the abutting ends 24 and25-lwhen anangle with respect to the axis of thebushing,

the bushing is contracted by means of a clamping means I 8.1 It is also I theen'ds of the strip elements. l'Llremote from 'the interconnecting portions 23, will be sprung or forced laterally to'a slight extent soas to bring the'lateral margins of each strip elementin to close contact with the adjacent strip element.

The ends of the strip elements closely adjacent the interconnecting portions 23'will not be as [readily sprung or forced laterally so that close centact'between the sides or lateral margins of the. strip elements will be obtained. 'Thus tight andsubstantially leak proof contact-will be effected'between adjacent surfaces of both the latm1 sides and ends of the strip elements when contracting clamping forces'are applied to the exteriorsurface of thebushing element I51.

- Pretuberant portions 26 may be provided 5 at oneendof each of the bushingsi5 for poseof preventing movement or creeping of the .individual bushing elements in one directioniso thatone or more of the bushing elements cannot be forcedinto the pipe l2 of the muflier during assembly; The bushing elements are made from lblanks I6 10f sheet material which are sufiioiently thin-so that they may be readily rolled to the "desiredrshape and so thatthey may yield surfifciently to facilitate their installation.

strips in. the desiredposition so'thatTthey wm i. "notbe'sprung' laterally and torn from thebushn The angular arrangementof the end surfaces 24 and 25 of strip elements I! with respect to; the

axis of the bushing not only serves to crowd-the lateralfedges of the strip "element intdcontact;

soas .to minimize leakage, but also holds theend bushing 154comprises a plurality of the composite bushing in the desired assembled the ends 1 1.. A bushing for use in connecting conduits of v a longitudinal extent less thanthelongitudinal v in opposed relation.

I small amount of stock of said piece, said piece be-.

Reference may now be had to Figs. 5 and 6 in which is illustrated a slightly modified form of out blank 36 and bushing 35 rolled therefrom. The blank 36 is out to provide strips 31 by form- 7 ing cuts 4|J and 4| therein corresponding to the 75 cuts 20 and 2| of the previously described embodiment. Uncut portions 43 interconnect the strips with one another so that the strips are arranged in echelon or staggered formation. The ends 44 "and 45 of the strips, corresponding to the ends 24 and 25 of the previously' described; embodiment, instead of being cut at an angle with respect to the axis of the bushing formed, are

pr ovided with tongues 41 on the ends 44 adapted V to be received in slots 48 provided in the opposite Fig. 4. Thus, with the strip elements of the in- I' dividual bushings l5 of the lengths indicated/the ends ofthe strip. The tongues 41 fit closely within the slot 48 so as to seal the bushing against leakage therethrough and to align the strip ends so'as to produce a bushing which is axially sym- Protuberant purpose of limiting rela- .composite bushing in ill onedirection, asbefore I h V 7 Referring to Fig. '7 of the drawing, a composite individual bushings assembled in telescoping relation but extended so as to elongate the composite bushing and effect a connection where there is but slight or no overlap between thepipes or conduits 5l' o and 52. A split clamp means 5 8 may be employed to efiect a contraction of thepipe 52 and of the composite bushing 54 so as to lock the pipes and :5;

relation. 7 7 As many changes could be made in the above constructions and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be had without departing from the spirit thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above 7 description or shown in the accompanying drawing, shall be interpreted asillustrative and not in a limitingsense. I v I I I I What is claimed is:

diiferent sizes comprising, a piece of sheet material soout as to provide a plurality of integral strips arranged in side-by-side but staggered relation, the connection between said strips having overlap of said strips,

H said piece being shapedlto cylindrical form with the two ends of eachstrip diiferent sizes comprising, a piece of sheet material so out asto provide a plurality of strips arranged in side-by-side but staggered relation, said'strips being joined to each other'bybut a;

. 2, A bushing for use in connecting conduits of a 7 ing shapedto cylindricalform with thQ'tWOBlldS of each strip in abutting relation, and interlocking meansfor preventing material relative lateral movement between the abutting ends of each 1 stripfw 3. A bushingfor usein connectingconduits of difierent sizes comprising, a piece of sheet material so vcut as to provide a plurality of strips arranged in side-by-side but staggered 'relationr-f I each strip being joined to the next adjacentstrip by an uncut portion of said piece of lesser ;eXtent.

7 than the overlap of said strips, said stripsbeing V shaped to cylindrical form, each-strip having the samev diameter-a d the dsro ea h strip b a arranged in opposed relation. 7 I i 4. A bushing for use in connecting conduits of different sizes comprising, a piece of sheet material so cut as to provide a plurality of strips arranged in side-by-side but staggered relation, each strip being joined to the next adjacent strip by a comparatively short uncut portion of said piece, said strips being shaped to cylindrical form, each strip having the same diameter and the ends of each strip being arranged in abutting relation, and means for so interlocking the ends of each strip that the piece provides an axially symmetrical hollow cylinder.

5. A bushing for use in connecting conduits of difierent sizes comprising, a piece of sheet material so cut as to provide a plurality of strips arranged in side-by-side but staggered relation, each strip being joined adjacent one end to the next adjacent strip by a comparatively short uncut portion of said piece, said strips being shaped to cylindrical form and of the same diameter, the ends of each strip being in abutment and being cut so as to dovetail together to prevent substantial relative lateral movement therebetween.

6. A bushing for use in connecting conduits of difierent sizes comprising, a piece of sheet material so cut as to provide a plurality of strips arranged in side-by-side but staggered relation, each strip being joined adjacent one end to the next adjacent strip by a comparatively short uncut portion of said piece, said strips being shaped to cylindrical form and having the same diameter, the ends of each strip being parallel but at an angle with respect to the axis of the bushing.

'7. A bushing for use in connecting conduits of different sizes comprising, a piece of sheet material so cut as to provide a plurality of strips arranged in side-by-sicle but staggered relation, each strip being joined adjacent one end to the next adjacent strip by a comparatively short uncut portion of said piece, said strips being shaped to cylindrical form of the same diameter and with their ends in abutment, each strip being provided with a tongue at one end and with a slot at its other end for receiving said tongue for preventing substantial relative lateral movement of such strip ends.

8. A bushing comprising a plurality of superposed pieces of sheet material each being so cut as to provide a plurality of laterally interconnected strips arranged in echelon, the strips of each piece being joined to the next adjacent strip of the same piece by a comparatively short uncut portion of the piece, said pieces being shaped to cylindrical form with the opposite ends of each strip in abutment, and means for interconnecting the ends of each strip to prevent substantial relative lateral movement therebetween.

9. A bushing for use in connecting conduits of different sizes, comprising a piece of sheet material so cut as to provide a plurality of laterally interconnected strips arranged in echelon, each strip being joined adjacent one end to the next adjacent strip by an uncut portion of said piece, each strip being shaped to cylindrical form of the same diameter as that of the other strips, and means at the ends of each strip for preventing substantial relative lateral movement between the strip ends and for forcing the lateral margins of adjacent strips into contact under the action of externally applied clamping forces directed toward the axis of the bushing.

10. A bushing comprising a plurality of telescoped pieces of cylindrically formed sheet metal, each piece comprising a plurality of laterally connected circumferentially positioned strips arranged in echelon, the strips of each piece being of equal length to those of the same piece and the strips of the several pieces being of progressively increasing length whereby the respective ends of each strip on all pieces are in substantial abutment.

. OSCAR OLDBERG. 

